Oral History Interview with Luba Margulies

Luba Margulies (née Kozusman), born in 1915, in Novogrod (possibly Novhorod-Sivers'kyi, Ukraine), describes being four years old when her parents were killed during a pogrom; her grandparents taking her and her siblings to Ostrog, Poland (now Ostroh, Ukraine); attending school; her involvement with Zionist organizations; working in a Jewish hospital for three years in Lemberg (possibly L'viv, Ukraine); the antisemitism in the city, especially after Jozef Pilsudski’s death in 1935; finishing her midwifery education in 1939; being in Ostrog when the war began; getting married in 1940; moving to Ternopil', Ukraine; life during the Russian occupation; the German occupation; the shooting of Jews in Ternopil'; the formation of the ghetto in Ternopil'; the Jewish police and Judenrat (Jewish council); making a hiding place in their basement; doing forced labor; receiving help from non-Jews; the liquidation of the ghetto in 1942; being pregnant and helping to build the railroad station as part of her forced labor; being taken by the Germans to clean bunkers that were filled with dead people; the death of her baby; suffering from typhus; a poem her husband wrote (it’s included in the transcript in Yiddish and in English); hiding in the woods with her husband; staying with a non-Jew in February 1944; going to Zbarazh, Ukraine; the liberation of Ternopil'; going to Brzezany, Ukraine, where her daughter was born in February 1945; moving to Walbrzych, Poland; going to a displaced persons (DP) camp in Wetzlar, Germany; her husband teaching mechanics at the ORT school; going to the United States in October 1949; and her work at a dental company.

Date: 10/20/1981
Interviewer: Josey G. Fisher
Interviewee: Luba Margulies
Language: English
Subject: Forced labor.
Hiding places--Ukraine.
Holocaust survivors.
Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Personal narratives.
Jewish councils--Ukraine--Ternopil'.
Jewish ghettos--Ukraine--Ternopil'.
Jewish orphans--Ukraine.
Jewish women in the Holocaust.
Jewish youth--Ukraine--Societies and clubs.
Jews--Legal status, laws, etc.--Ukraine.
Jews--Persecutions--Ukraine.
Jews--Ukraine--Ostroh.
Pogroms--Ukraine.
Refugee camps--Germany--Wetzlar.
Typhus fever.
World War, 1939-1945--Conscript labor.
Zionists.
Women--Personal narratives.
Berezhany (Ukraine)
Bytom (Poland)
L'viv (Ukraine)
Novhorod-Sivers'kyĭ (Ukraine)
Ostroh (Ukraine)
Ternopil' (Ukraine)
United States--Emigration and immigration.
Walbrzych (Poland)
Wetzlar (Germany)
Zbarazh (Ternopil's'ka oblast', Ukraine)
Margulies, Luba Kozusman, 1915-
Wetzlar (Displaced persons camp)
World ORT Union.
Location: Nowogród, Poland
Ostroh, Ukraine
Lviv, Ukraine
Ternopil
Tarnopol Ghetto
Berezhany, Ukraine
Wałbrzych, Poland
Wetzlar displaced persons camp
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