Oral History Interview with Ina Rothschild
Ina Rothschild describes her life, education, and work in Germany after World War I; life through Hitler’s rise to power; experiencing changes in Jewish life after 1933 and the effects of certain events on the Jewish community and Jewish interactions with gentiles; Elsa Jaeckel’s husband, who was a gentile, refusing to divorce her and suffering the consequences; many instances of aid and acts of kindness by gentiles; Mrs. Rothschild and her husband running a Jewish orphanage in Esslingen am Neckar from 1933 to 1942 when they were deported; how the orphanage was ransacked on November 9, 1938; her husband being beaten, arrested, and then released to care for the displaced orphans; what happened to the children in their care; Mrs. Jaeckel having to work for the Gestapo with 600 other Jewish women who had gentile husbands; conditions for couples in mixed marriages and living through air raids in Frankfurt; avoiding the transport to Theresianstadt because her husband bribed a former SA man to let her hide in his house; hiding in the attic until the Americans arrived in 1945; the Rothschilds returning to Stuttgart after the closing of the orphanage and their lives, including her work in an old age home and her attempts to care for Jewish children; how many of the children, especially those with disabilities, were deported and killed at Ravensbrück; the Rothschilds being deported to an old age home in Theresienstadt on August 22, 1942; the journey and their arrival at Theresienstadt; the brutal treatment and living conditions in the camp and the improvement after the International Red Cross supervised the institution; seeing Reinhard Heydrich shoot Jewish prisoners; Mrs. Rothschild’s work as a nurse and her husband’s death in July 1944; how many inmates killed themselves; Mrs. Rothschild’s attempts to care for newborn babies; volunteering to care for 50 young Dutch children with typhoid fever together with a Jewish doctor; the children surviving and being adopted after the war; being transported to Switzerland with 600 people in February 1945; and their immigrations to the United States (Mrs. Jaeckel arrived in 1957 and Mrs. Rothschild arrived in 1947).
Date: | 11/10/1981 |
Interviewer: | Fred Stamm |
Interviewee: | Ina Rothschild |
Language: | English |
Subject: | Antisemitism--Germany. Bribery. Child concentration camp inmates--Care. Concentration camp inmates--Suicidal behavior. Forced labor. Hiding places--Germany. Holocaust survivors. Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Germany--Personal narratives. Interfaith marriage--Germany. Jewish orphanages--Germany--Esslingen am Neckar. Jewish women in the Holocaust. Jews--Legal status, laws, etc.--Germany. Jews--Social life and customs. Judaism--Relations--Christianity. People with disabilities--Nazi persecution--Germany. Sisters. Typhoid fever. Women concentration camp inmates. World War, 1939-1945--Conscript labor--Germany. World War, 1939-1945--War work--Germany. World War, 1939-1945--Women--Germany. Women--Personal narratives. Darmstadt (Germany) Esslingen am Neckar (Germany) Frankfurt am Main (Germany) Germany--Social conditions--1933-1945. Höchst im Odenwald (Germany) Terezín (Ústecký kraj, Czech Republic) Rothschild, Ina, 1902-1985. Jaeckel, Elsa, 1903-1997. Red Cross and Red Crescent. Theresienstadt (Concentration camp) |
Location: | Darmstadt, Germany Hesse, Germany Esslingen am Neckar, Germany Stuttgart, Germany Bad Cannstatt, Germany Frankfurt am Main, Germany Terezin, Czechia Switzerland USA |
Permalink: | https://hoha.digitalcollections.gratzcollege.edu/item/oral-history-interview-with-ina-rothschild/ |
Audio Transcript | Time |
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1:04:03 | |
1:04:01 | |
1:03:54 | |
0:46:26 |