Holocaust Oral History Archive
The Holocaust Oral History Archive is one of the earliest and largest collections of Holocaust testimony in the United States. Established in 1979 by Nora Levin (1916-1989), and maintained by a dedicated volunteer staff, the Archive is one of the earliest Holocaust oral history projects in the U.S. documenting a wide range of experiences during the Nazi era and Jewish life in pre-Nazi Europe. Holdings include interviews with over 900 survivors, rescuers, liberators, and other witnesses to the persecution and extermination of the Nazi era, 1933-1945. Special groupings include the testimonies of "Kindertransport" children sheltered in England, the 1985 Gathering of Holocaust Survivors, the 1991 and 1999 Rickshaw Reunions of Shanghai Survivors, and the Vilna Ghetto Fighters.
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Oral History Interview with Dora Freilich
Date:
10/24/1984
Interviewee: Dora Freilich
Interviewer: Helen Grossman
Interviewer: Helen Grossman
Dora Golubowitz Freilich, born December 25, 1926 in Pruzany, Poland, near Bialystok, describes her pre-war life, including her schooling, relations with non-Jewish Poles, Jewish community life, and youth groups; the Russian occupation from 1939 to 1941, including the expropriation of her family’s bu...
Oral History Interview with Lilly Friedman
Date:
04/22/1985
Interviewee: Lilly Friedman
Interviewer: Denise Krikstein
Interviewer: Denise Krikstein
Lilly Friedman, born in Zarica, Czechoslovakia, describe her father, who taught Hebrew; her Jewish life; her relations with non-Jews changing after the Hungarian occupation in 1939; being rounded up by the Nazis in 1944 with her family and sent to Auschwitz; arriving in Auschwitz, the selections, an...
Oral History Interview with Nina Frisch
Date:
04/22/1985
Interviewee: Nina Frisch
Interviewer: Judith S. Finkel
Interviewer: Judith S. Finkel
Nina Frisch, born July 25, 1935 in Stanislawa, Poland (Stanislav, Ukraine), describes being raised in an Orthodox family; being moved into a ghetto with her family when she was six years old; hiding in nearby woods in 1943, surviving on hazelnuts, periodically running from German troops; how her mot...
Oral History Interview with Henry Froehlich
Date:
08/23/1997
Interviewee: Henry Froehlich
Interviewer: Liesl J. Loeb
Interviewer: Liesl J. Loeb
Henry Froehlich (formerly Hans Arnold Froehlich), born in 1922 in Rottweil, Germany, describes how in 1935, the Nazi boycott forced his father to close his shoe store; having to leave school and the family moved to Stuttgart; how the family’s life changed; Kristallnacht and his efforts to warn Jews ...
Oral History Interview with Ari Fuhrman
Date:
10/26/1981
Interviewee: Ari Fuhrman
Interviewer: Josey G. Fisher
Interviewer: Josey G. Fisher
Ari Fuhrman, born in Czernowitz, Bukovina, Romania (Chernivtsi, Ukraine), describes his father, who was a tailor; his family living briefly in Vienna, Austria then returning to Czernowitz instead of going to Palestine; his family life, religious observance, and education; the communist and Zionist m...
Oral History Interview with Werner Glass
Date:
04/07/1992
Interviewee: Werner Glass
Interviewer: Marian Salkin
Interviewer: Marian Salkin
Werner Glass, born in 1927, describes being the youngest child of a Berlin pediatrician; immigrating to Shanghai, China in 1933 with his family and governess; his father, who was a founder of the Shanghai Doctors Association and practiced medicine in the family’s apartment in the International Settl...
Oral History Interview with Daniel Goldsmith
Date:
02/06/1995
Interviewee: Daniel Goldsmith
Interviewer: Edith Millman
Interviewer: Edith Millman
Daniel Goldsmith, born in Antwerp, Belgium on December 11, 1931 to Polish parents; being raised Orthodox and being educated at a Yeshiva; living in Antwerp under German occupation and suffering under the ever-increasing anti-Jewish measures; his father being transported to a labor camp in France in ...
Oral History Interview with Helene Goodman
Date:
02/23/1981
Interviewee: Helene Goodman
Interviewer: Josey G. Fisher
Interviewer: Josey G. Fisher
Helene Goodman (formerly Henia Flint), born in Łódź, Poland in 1913, describes studying piano at the Warsaw Conservatory posing as a non-Jew, and receiving her diploma in 1935; how the German invasion affected Polish Jews; having to move with her family in 1939 to the Łódź ghetto; her father’s death...
Oral History Interview with Gertrude Hallo
Date:
02/11/1981
Interviewee: Gertrude Hallo
Interviewer: Fred Stamm
Interviewer: Fred Stamm
Gertrude Hallo describes her friendship with Franz Rosenzweig and her husband’s association and personal relationship with Rosenzweig starting in 1910; taking dictation from Rosenzweig through his final illness when he could only move part of one little finger; why Rosenzweig decided not to convert ...
Oral History Interview with Raoul Harmelin
Date:
04/26/1992
Interviewee: Raoul Harmelin
Interviewer: Edith Millman
Interviewer: Edith Millman
Raoul Harmelin, born September 11, 1924 in Boryslaw, Poland (Boryslav, Ukraine), describes being the only son of a doctor; receiving both a secular and a Jewish education; his pre-war life in Boryslaw; life under the Russian occupation; life under the Germans after June 1941, including the pogroms, ...