Oral History Interview with Sylvia Ebner
Sylvia Ebner, born September 10, 1929, in Bodrogkisfalud, Hungary, describes her education, relations with non-Jews, and learning to cope with children who stoned her on her way to school; the German invasion in March 1944; how the persecution and anti-Jewish measures increased; being taken with her family to the Satoraljaujhely ghetto with Jews from several other towns; the looting of their house as soon as they walked out; several incidents of extreme brutality by Germans; being transported to Auschwitz in cattle cars and their dehumanization; her parents managing to observe Shabbat and her father trying to prepare Sylvia to cope with what she had to face; arriving at Auschwitz in May 1944 and going through processing and selections; the gassing of her mother and other relatives in trucks; being marched to Birkenau; the horrible conditions, the smell from the crematorium, and how they tried to survive; working as a slave laborer in Brzézinka also known as “Canada”, sorting belongings taken from Jews; risking her life to smuggle food to her cousin; how the starving girls were offered food on fast days such as Tisha B’ Av but refused to eat because the food was not kosher; getting scarlet fever and being hospitalized in a Revier (sick quarters) for six weeks; surviving seven selections; seeing Dr. Mengele operate without any anesthesia; seeing a Christian woman kill her newborn baby to save him from Mengele’s experiments; how the Germans drained large amounts of blood from girls who survived typhus or scarlet fever to make serums; recovering and working as a slave laborer; doing heavy-duty work; being transferred to a factory in Ober Hohenelbe, Sudeten, Germany (Hořejší Vrchlabí, Czech Republic); how the German woman in charge risked her life to find food for the prisoners; being liberated by Russian troops on May 1, 1945; returning to Hungary and receiving aid from the Joint Distribution Committee; and escaping from Hungary and immigrating to Canada.
Date: | 02/14/2001 |
Interviewer: | Gloria M. Schwartz |
Interviewee: | Sylvia Ebner |
Language: | English |
Subject: | Antisemitism--Hungary. Concentration camp inmates--Medical care. Concentration camp inmates--Religious life. Concentration camp inmates--Selection process. Forced labor. Holocaust survivors. Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Hungary--Personal narratives. Human experimentation in medicine--Poland. Infanticide. Jewish children in the Holocaust. Jewish ghettos--Hungary--Sátoraljaújhely. Jews--Education--Hungary. Jews--Hungary--Bodrogkisfalud. Jews--Legal status, laws, etc.--Hungary. Jews--Persecutions--Hungary. Judaism--Customs and practices. Kosher food. Scarlatina. Smugglers. Smuggling. Starvation. Women concentration camp inmates. World War, 1939-1945--Concentration camps--Czech Republic. World War, 1939-1945--Concentration camps--Liberation. World War, 1939-1945--Conscript labor--Poland. World War, 1939-1945--Deportations from Hungary. Women--Personal narratives. Bodrogkisfalud (Hungary) Canada--Emigration and immigration. Hořejší Vrchlabí (Vrchlabí, Czech Republic) Hungary--History--1918-1945. Oświęcim (Poland) Sátoraljaújhely (Hungary) Vrchlabí (Czech Republic) Ebner, Sylvia, 1929- American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee. Auschwitz (Concentration camp) Birkenau (Concentration camp) Kanada I (Concentration camp) Ober-Hohenelbe (Concentration camp) |
Location: | Bodrogkisfalud, Hungary Satoraljaujhely Ghetto Auschwitz II-Birkenau concentration camp Czechia Canada USA |
Permalink: | https://hoha.digitalcollections.gratzcollege.edu/item/oral-history-interview-with-sylvia-ebner/ |
Audio Transcript | Time |
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1:03:52 | |
1:04:07 | |
0:45:12 |