Oral History Interview with Ruth (Renee) Kapp Hartz
Ruth (Renee) Hartz (née Kapp), born in 1937 in Palestine to German-Jewish parents, describes moving with her family to Paris, France in 1938; the family having affidavits for the United States and their emigration being disrupted by the American consulate; the invasion of France in 1940 and being sent with other non-French to Colombers, a sports stadium outside of Paris; her father avoiding deportation by joining the French Foreign Legion in Morocco; fleeing with her mother to Normandy with help from the French Resistance; having false papers and hiding on a farm; going to Toulouse and Arthes near Albi in the French Free Zone, where her father reunited with them in 1942; the kindness of people in the small towns toward the persecuted; the willingness of the French police and bureaucracy to collaborate with the Nazis; experiencing hunger and painful separation from her parents when she was hidden in a Sorèze convent; reuniting with her family after one year; being helped with food and hiding by two generations of a Catholic family, with whom they remain in contact; her family moving to Paris after the war; experiencing antisemitism in school and later at the Sorbonne; finding protection hiding her Jewishness as she had during the war; joining the Jewish scouts (Les Éclaireurs) and WIZO, which reinforced her Jewish identity; immigrating to the US in 1958; and her biography titled Your Name is Renee by Stacy Oretzmeyer (published in 1994 by Biddle Publishing Co.).
Date: | 02/28/1982 |
Interviewer: | Nora Levin |
Interviewee: | Ruth (Renee) Kapp Hartz |
Language: | English |
Subject: | Convents--France--Sorèze. Hidden children (Holocaust)--France. Hiding places--France. Holocaust survivors. Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Personal narratives. Identification cards--Forgeries--France. Jewish children in the Holocaust. Jewish youth--France--Societies and clubs. Jews, German--France. Jews, German--Palestine. Jews--France--Paris. Jews--Identity. Jews--Persecutions--France. Passing (Identity) World War, 1939-1945--Deportations from France. World War, 1939-1945--Jews--Rescue--France. World War, 1939-1945--Underground movements--France. Women--Personal narratives. Arthès (France) France--History--German occupation, 1940-1945. Morocco. Normandy (France) Palestine. Paris (France) Paris (France)--History--1940-1944. Sorèze (France) Toulouse (France) Hartz, Ruth Kapp. Eclaireuses éclaireurs israélites de France. France. Armée. Légion étrangère. |
Location: | Haifa, Israel Paris, France Toulouse, France Arthès, France Sorèze, France USA |
Permalink: | https://hoha.digitalcollections.gratzcollege.edu/item/oral-history-interview-with-ruth-renee-kapp-hartz/ |
Audio Transcript | Time |
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1:19:36 | |
0:26:18 |